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CALirORNI/X'S ALPS 

(with maps and illustrations) 



The I dyllwild 
S anatorium 

(ALTITUDE 5250 FEET) 

SAN OOROONIO HOUNTAINS 
PIVEPSIDC CO., CAL. 



By NORMAN BRIDGE, M, D., Los Angeles 
Emeritus Professor Medicine, Rush Medical College, University of Chicago 

AND 

WALTER LINDLEY, M. D., Los Angeles 
Professor of Gynecology, Medical College of the University of Southern Califor 
Ex-President of the California State Medical Society 1890 



" The value of a hilltop to the fretted soul has been known from all time ; there 
is peace at a great height, hope and strength in a broad panorama."— C/t'7v/rt«</ 
Mofflt in the Coititrw September, iqoi. 



CALIFORNIA'S ALPS 



Ihe |duMd r^anatorium 



(Strawberry Valley) 
By NORMAN BRIDGE, M . D. 

LOS ANGELES 
Emeritus Professor of Medicine. Rush Medical College, Chicago 

and WALTER LINDLEY, M. D. 

LOS ANGELES 

Professor of Gynecology, Medical College of the University of 

Souther)! California ; £x- President California 

State Medical Society 



2^2^ 



Lofa 



THE VOICE OF THE MOUNTAIN 

Who Cometh up to me, he shall have power, 

The prophet's power, the old law-g-iver's micrht. 
Aye, he shall have the tablet in his hand. 
He shall not fall, but in the evil hour 

And g-Qod, uplifted, clothed upon with lig-ht, 
His neck unbowed, as I stand shall he stand. 
— John Vance Cheney in Harper 
Magazine for March 



" Soon as a man finds himself spitting and hacking on rising" in 
the morning, he should immediately take possession of a cow, and 
go high up into the mountains and live on the fruit of that cow." 
'—Celsus, A. D. 250. 



2% 'C4 



P D 




The Idyllwild Sanatorium 



There has just been completed at Idyllwild in Straw- 
berry Valley, California, a Sanatorium for the care of in- 
valids, particularly of the pulmonary class. It is situated in 
a tract of something over fifteen hundred acres of land 
stretching to the mountains on either side of the valley, 
being bounded on both sides by large government forest 
reservations that ensure perpetuation of the forests- The 
altitude is 5,250 feet above sea-level. The valley is covered 
with timber, many of the trees being large, pine, cedar and 
live-oak predominating. The scenery is grand and pictur- 
esque, resembling that of the White Mountains of New 
Hampshire. There are numerous springs of pure water 
on the property and several streams that never run dry. 
The San Jacinto Mountains in which Strawberry Valley is 
situated are on the edge of the great Colorado Desert, 
about sixty miles east of Los Angeles. The air is dry and 
clean, and warm but not unpleasantly hot in summer, while 
in winter the temperature a few mornings reaches below 
freezing point, and has been known to touch 15 deg. F. 
During the sunshine part of the winter days the air is prac- 
tically always above freezing point. 

The Sanatorium buildings consist of a central struc- 
ture containing 51 rooms, a power house to furnish steam 
heat and power for electric lighting as well as power for an 
ice plant and a steam laundry ; several cottages of six 
rooms each and others of three rooms each, all connected in 
one system of heating, lighting and sewerage. The build- 
ings contain all the modern improvements and are equipped 
with every device for making the place thoroughly whole- 



some, as such a Sanatorium ought to be. There are suffi- 
cient verandas, both open and protected by glass. The 
power house has extra boilers and power to provide against 
accidents. 

There are cottages and tents to rent near the Sana- 
torium, light, heat and sewerage connection being furnished 
for those who desire to keep house. 

There is a resident physician and a corps of trained 
nurses, and the institution is managed in an efficient man- 
ner. Patients have the benefit of perfect hygiene, regimen 
and climatic conditions, and as to the special and medical 
treatment, physicians sending patients m.ay be sure that so 
far as is possible their directions will be faithfully carried 
out. 

Hopeless cases of consumption will not be received, 
but the profession is invited to send such cases as under 
the best possible condition have a fair prospect of recover- 
ing. No pains will be spared to make the patients comfort- 
able and give them every advantage of modern sanatorium 
treatment. They will be compelled to be much out of doors 
and to breathe fresh air always. The expectoration of pa- 
tients is destroyed with such scrupolosity, and all possible 
infected clothing is sterilized with such thoroughness, 
that it is confidently believed the atmosphere of the Sana- 
torium and about it is freer from danger due to bacilli than 
the air of the streets of any city in America. Hence well 
people may visit and sojourn at the Sanatorium with per- 
fect safety. Families may come with their invalids and 
live throughout the year if they choose to. They will find 
all the advantages of a modern village, including a good 
school. The school, with the assistance of resident tutor- 
ing, is able to take pupils through the work of an ad- 
vanced High School which fits for college. The postoffice 
has money-order functions, and the mail is delivered daily. 



A general store and livery stable, a golf course, lawn 
tennis courts, a bowling alley and a shooting range are 
provided for the patronage of guests and residents. Guides, 
burros, horses, tents and carts are furnished for camping 
parties. 

No shooting or fishing are permitted on the grounds 
of the corporation — except shooting on the range pro- 
vided. But there is fine hunting on the government reser- 
vation. No live trees are allowed to be cut. and the young 
pines, of which they are many thousands, are guarded as 
though they were sacred things. 

Idyllwild Sanatorium is reached by the Santa Fe rail- 




SOME OF THE COTTAGES. 

5 



road to Hemet, thence by stage or automobile twenty miles 
to Strawberry Valley. These conveyances meet every train 
and make two trips daily. 

The rates of board at the Sanatorium range from $15 
to $50 per week, depending on the rooms occupied and the 
nursing attention required. The average case can be made 
entirely comfortable, even sumptuously entertained, at $15 
per week. All ordinary services of the resident physician 
are free to guests of the Sanatorium. Laundry work is 
extra. 

Several members of the medical profession of South- 
ern California had long believed, what T think is true, that 
this valley had, for such a Sanatorium, natural advantages 
not surpassed by any other spot on the globe. Through 
their efiforts prominent laymen have joined them in pro- 
viding a large sum for this enterprise. The amount is too- 
large and the interest in the Sanatorium too general and 
intelligent to allow it to deteriorate. I believe it will not 
deteriorate but grow better and more useful. 

While the others members of the directorate give ad- 
visory attention, the practical charge of the enterprise is 
in the hands of Dr. Walter Lindley, who has had many 
years of experience in conducting public institutions, and 
has a record of the highest order for efficiency and dis- 
cretion. 

All communications should be addressed to R. A. Lowe, 
Manager, Idyllwild, Riverside Co., Cal. H. G. McNeill, 
M. D., Medical Superintendent. 



*HIQH ALTITUDES IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. 

BY WALTER LINDLEY, M. D., LOS ANGELES. 

Southern California has long had an enviable reputation 
as a resort for invalids needing a low altitude, and many 
members of the profession will be surprised when they 
learn that it also has beautiful mountain resorts at a high 
altitude that are unequaled the year round in salubrity of 
climate. 

In 1888 an article appeared in the Southern California 
Practitioner on high altitudes in Southern California. This 
article described a trip to the summit of Mount San Jacinto, 
11,000 feet above sea-level, which I took in August, 1888. 

Mount San Jacinto is the highest point in the San Gor- 
gonio range and is twelve miles from Idyllwild. The first 
three miles from Idyllwild were through rolling pine for- 
ests by a mountain stream ; then we began to climb, and 
for an hour we were going upward until we reached Tau- 
quitz Valley, 7,500 feet above sea-level ; here were thou- 
sands and thousands of acres of pine forests and rich land, 
well watered by never-failing mountain streams. Soon we 
were climbing again until we passed over another ridge and 
into another magnificent combination of forest and grassy 
plain, called Tamarack Valley. Here we were 9,000 feet 
above the level of the sea. As we passed through a beauti- 
ful meadow where the foot of man had rarely trod, a 
deer ran before us and was soon hidden in the timber. 

Again, after about a four-mile ride, we began to climb. 
As we crossed the last mountatin stream at 5 p. m., we 

*The Southern California Practitioner, Dec, 1900. 



filled our canteens and watered our horses. At 6 p. m. 
we reached a level plateau 10,300 feet above the level of 
the sea and only 800 feet below the summit. We left our 
pack burros at this point and turned our horses' heads to- 
ward the mountain peak. One hour more brought us to the 
great eminence. 11,000 feet above sea-level. To the west 
were numerous towns dotting the valleys, and shimmering 
in the sunshine of that Sunday afternoon lay Lake Elsinore, 
60 miles away. East of us was a beautiful panorama that 
showed Indio with her cottages, and her palm groves, a 
veritable oasis, while on beyond lay Salton with her 
dazzling salt fields. 

Here on the eastern side of this mountain is the highest 
vertical wall in the United States. Our guide started a 
boulder over this slope and we heard it bounding and re- 
bounding through the awful chasm below. 

Again, in September, 1899, I made this trip with Dr. F. 
T. Bicknell of Los Angeles. When we arrived at our ob- 
jective point the wind was whistling over this barren moun- 
tain peak, and sitting on a stool on a rough platform was a 
lonely man doing duty for our government as a signal offi- 
cer. Owing to the noise made by the wind he did not 
notice our approach, and we found him earnestly talking 
to himself. He seemed startled and then delighted to see 
us ; it had been two weeks since he had seen a human 
being, and then it was another man in the government em- 
ploy. All who have taken this trip maintain that it is one 
of the noblest panoramas of stupendous mountain grandeur 
in the world. 

The latitude of Idyllwild, which is located in Straw- 
berry Valley, is 33 degrees and 48 minutes north. The 
longitude is 116 degrees and 45 minutes west. The alti- 
tude of Idyllwild is 5,250 feet, and is practically the same 



as the great resorts in the Swiss Alps, which are as fol- 
lows : 

Maloja 6,000 feet. 

Wiesen 4.771 feet. 

Davos Plau 5,105 feet. 

Andematt 4,738 feet. 

The Alpine winter cure of pulmonary diseases is very 
popular in Great Britain and on the Continent. Thou- 




A Big Trek. 



sands of pulmonary cases flock to the Davos Platz, Ma- 
loja and Wiesen in the Swiss Alps every winter, sleeping 
with their windows wide open in the coldest weather. Im- 






Idyllwild 



mense and well arranged Sanatoria have been constructed, 
and remarkable results have been recorded. These Alpine 
resorts are on barren plateaus, and have not the wealth 
of the beautiful pine forests that cover the Southern Cali- 
fornia mountain valleys. In 1899, ''ifter the trip mentioned 
of Dr. Bicknell and myself, we decided that all of this sec- 
tion must be reserved for health purposes, and we or- 
ganized a company under the title of the California 
Health Resort Company, to establish a Sanatorium in 
Strawberry Valley, and this incorporation was completed 
April 21. 1900. with an authorized capital of a quarter of a 
million dollars. There are ninety stockholders, principally 
physicians, including a majority of the prominent practi- 
tioners of Southern California. The officers are : 

President, F. T. Bicknell; Vice-President, Norman 
Bridge; Treasurer, Joseph Kurtz; Secretary and General 
Manager. Walter Lindley. Directors : W. W. Hitchcock, 
Geo. L. Cole, Granville MacGowan, M. L. Moore. John R. 
Haynes, E. R. Smith, Frank P. Flint, F. T. Bicknell, 
Norman Bridge, W. W. Beckett and Walter Lindley. 

The company has purchased a mountain tract of 4.284 




SANATORIUM. 



acres, known as Strawberry Valley. This valley, in which 
Idyllwild is located, has an average altitude of just one 
mile; it is well timbered with both the pine and the oak, 
and has running through it three creeks. There are also, 
dotted about on this tract, twenty springs, one of these 
having a flow of *four inches during the dryest times. 

Strawberry Valley is situated in the center of a govern- 
ment forest of seven hundred and thirty-seven thousand 
acres, giving the finest opportunities for hunting and 
mountain climbing. The Government protects all of these 
forests from devastation, so that it makes an immense 
mountain park for the benefit and pleasure of the guests 
of the Sanatorium. 

The first step taken was the development and the in- 
stallment of a complete water system. This water is taken 
from a mountain spring that flows 80,000 gallons in twenty- 
four hours. It is piped to a carefully cemented, w^ell 
covered and ventilated reservoir, holding 125.000 gallons. 
This reservoir is situted 200 feet higher than the buildings, 



Equivalent to 60,000 grallons of running- water in 24 houi 
11 



¥ ■ 




.-^Mj?"^ 





Fern Fields. 

which gives good pressure for abundant fire protection. 
From the reservoir this pure spring water is piped through- 
out all of the buildings. 

The next step was the construction of a sewer system 
on the most modern, scientific plan. Thousands of feet of 



12 



the best vitrified sewer pipe were hauled up the mountain 
side at a great expense. 

The plan of the building includes a central building of 
fifty rooms, surrounded by cottages of from three to six 
rooms each, with a club house and all the means of enter- 
tainment pertaining thereto. There are also, within easy 
access of the Sanatorium building, numerous modern tents 
with floors, giving the best opportunity possible for living 
comfortably out-of-doors. In the central building there are, 
beside the bed-rooms, large and small dining^-rooms, par- 
lors, reading-room and kitchen, surrounded on three sides 
with wide verandas. These verandas are arranged to close 
partially or completely with glass, making each one of them 
a solarium, when it is desired to use them in that way. 
The parlors, dining-rooms and reading-room can all be 
thrown into one large concert-room. The cottages and 
tents are so situated that the occupants can readily go to 
the dining-room in the central building, or can be served 
by trays in their own rooms, as may be desired. Each 
cottage has its own bath and toilet, while in the central 
building there are numerous private and general baths. 
All apartments, both in the central building and in the cot- 
tages, are heated by steam and lighted by electricity. 

The plumbing throughout the Sanatorium is of the most 
perfect sanitary style, having been put in by a well known 
Los Angeles firm, the contract price being ten thou- 
sand, nine hundred and fifty-seven dollars. 

About one-third of a mile away from this Sanatorium, 
the Company has erected a village of cottages and tents 
that are rented at reasonable prices to those who may 
desire to keep house independently. There is a store, 
dairy and wood-yard for the service of all who desire to 
live in that manner. 

The Sanatorium has its own dairy and gardens, and 



the cattle and sheep are grown in the mountains, the stock 
being fattened under direct supervision. 

Every room is thoroughly fumigated after each occupant, 
whether the previous occupant had been sick or well ; 
every knife, fork and dish is boiled immediately after it has 
been used; there are printed instructions for patients as to 
the best way of protecting themselves and others, and there 
is provided a systematic course of lectures on diet, hygiene, 
baths, and all matters pertaining to the individual's hygiene. 
In fact, one of the great benefits to be derived from this 
resort will be the hygienic education which the guests 
will receive. 

Golf links, lawn tennis courts, croquet grounds, a shoot- 
ing range, bowling alley and billiard-room, give a variety of 
healthful recreation in addition to the many entertaining 
and inspiring natural attributes of the mountains and val- 
leys. 

Guests desiring mountain climbing, or who wish to take 
short trips through the mountains, will be furnished with 
horses, burros, cooks and guides, and a complete outfit for 
camping purposes. 

Pure water, mountain air. good food and healthful oc- 
cupation are the four cardinal principles of this great 
resort. 

There is a resident physician and a corps of trained 
nurses, and also an excellent school for the younger chil- 
dren, so that families coming here can have the satis- 
faction of knowing that the education of their children 
need not be suspended. 

Southern California has long been the Mecca for in- 
valids, but heretofore there has been no adequate prepa- 
ration for them ; now all has been changed, and here in this 
mountain fastness, surrounded by all of the grandeur of a 
primeval forest, will ])e found the delightful comforts of a 
metropolitan hotel. 

Idyllwild is situated in Riverside county, twenty miles 
from Hemet, which is a flourishing village located on a 
branch of the Santa Fe railroad. The ride from Hemet, the 
first few miles, is through orange groves and rich farming 
lands; the last twelve miles is over a beautiful mountain 
road, aligned by great pines and cedars, with magnificent 
scenery both above and below. Stages and automobiles,. 



carrying nine persons each, meet every train; thus making 
the trip novel, charming and easy. 

In conclusion, the advantages of Idyllwild are : 

1. Its isolation from the dust, noise and temptations 
of towns and cities. 

2. Its altitude (5,250 feet). 

3. The atmosphere of the pine forest. 

4. The purity of the atmosphere, due to three causes : 
(a) altitude; (b) proximity to the Colorado Desert, from 
whence comes the nocturnal breeze; (c) proximity to th< 
Pacific Ocean, from which the diurnal breeze comes. 

5. Beauty of scenery and variety of interesting short 
tours that can be made through surrounding mountains. 

6. The cottage system. 




A Home-like Tent. 
16 



7- The village system. 

8. The tent system. 

g. The large territory controlled by the Sanatorium 
management, that insures thorough enforcement of sanitary 
rules in. all the contiguous country. 

ID. The mildness and equability of the climate — un- 
equaled by any other mountain resort in the world. 

11. Pure spring water throughout all the buildings. 

12. Great range of healthful out-door amusements 
available 340 days in the year. 



*THE IDYLLWILD TRACT. 

SCENE OF ONE OF THE WORI^D'S MOST NOTABI^E 
UNDERTAKINGS. 

BY ELIZABETH T. MILLS. 

Far up in the San Jacinto Mountains, in Southern Cali- 
fornia, is a valley filled with noble scenery and girt in with 
sunny splendor ; this spot is now dedicated to a great un- 
dertaking. Thousands and even hundreds of thousands of 
acres of pine-covered territory are to be devoted to the pur- 
pose, no limit as to space being thought of. Prominent 
men all over the United States, from New York to San 
Diego, are connected with the project. It cannot but suc- 
ceed, for it has every vantage for success, and is only just 
now ready for operations. 

In addition to the beautiful surroundings, the climate 
is also perfectly adapted to the wants of the institution — 
which are many — and the place is closely and romantically 
associated with the history of the country. Here is where 
were enacted the most thrilling and exciting scenes when 
the United States took possession of the Indian lands; 
here is where the most pathetic and dramatic events in the 
life of Ramona transpired. 

More important than all of these things, in the eyes of 
many, is the fact that in this very place, not many years 



^Abstracted from the Los Angreles Times Mag-aziiie, July 7, 1901. 
17 




On the Road to Idyi.lwild. 



since, there were raised the finest race horses in the world ; 
great deep-lunged creatures, with immense breathing 
powers; and now the plan of the present undertaking is 
to make just such conditions possible for humanity, to 
establish homes and perfect conditions of environment 
for people on this enormous tract of land where every 
advantage for deep lung power can be attained. 

Consumption and other forms of tuberculosis cannot 
be corralled in cities and treated successfully; they must 
have space, trees — pines in abundance, and grand possibili- 
ties of sunshine in out-door life ; in this regard the present 
undertaking is to be the greatest of its kind ever known 
in the world's history. 

The interest in this enterprise is widespread, and among 
those who are giving it most active encouragement, are 
O. S. A. Sprague. the Chicago capitalist; Frederick H. 



Rindge, the well known philanthropist, of Cambridge, 
Mass., and Santa Monica. Cal. ; Drs. Bnrnham, Remon- 
dino and Parker, of San Diego : Drs. Kendall and Parker, 
of Riverside; Dr. Mattison. of Pasadena; Dr. Huff, of 
Corona; Drs. F. T. Bicknell. E. R. Smith, Norman Bridge. 
W. W. Hitchcock. John R. Haynes, George L. Cole. Walter 
Lindley. W. W. Beckett. M. L. Moore, and forty-five other 
physicians in Los Angeles ; also several of the leading 
Los Angeles hotel keepers are actively interested, the whole 
aim being as much as possible to get invalids out of the 
hotels and boarding-houses of Los Angeles and Pasadena, 
into the sunshine and pure air of the mountains. 

As you leave the station of Hemet. the road leads through 
a broad avenue of palms and peppers to the mountains 
beyond, where it climbs up by the side of a bed of a stream 
which gradually widens into bubbling cataracts and splash- 
ing waterfalls, supplemented by placid pools. Here, wil- 
lows and alders are footed by beautiful green fronds of 
fern, and a tall pine with bayonet point, is passed and 
repassed five times in the winding roadwav up the moun- 
tain side. 

All the way the mountains grow higher and closer. Tier 
upon tier they rise, row after row. No sense of limitation 
is borne in upon the mind; rather a feeling that they will 
continue on forever in this way. The plains and all belong- 
ing to them are lost sight of, the mountains are all about, 
and everything is swallowed up in their massive grandeur. 
Deeper and deeper the road penetrates into their soli- 
tudes ; on and on you ride, and still they open up for your 
way the sense of their greatness, gradually giving way to 
one of kinship. 

When the altitude of 5000 feet is reached, there is a 
sort of plateau, called Strawberry Valley, and it is in the 
further extremity of this that the Idyllwild tract is situated. 
At the entrance to this valley there is a noticeable dif- 
ference in the atmosphere, the first effect of which is to 
make you feel like sitting erect, straight as the smooth 
pines which surround you by the thousands on all sides. 
An analysis of the condition tells you that there is a clear, 
penetrating quality in the air, a sort of crispness, which 
makes the sweet, resinous breath 01 the cedar, spruce and 



19 




Among the Pinks. 



pine trees seem to go through the whole body as balmily 
as the breeze plays through their own branches. 

Those who are well versed in the climatic conditions 
of the place, tell you that this effect is due not alone to 
the high altitude, or even to the breath of the trees, how- 
ever grateful this may be to the senses, but to the efficient 
service of one who is not generallv considered a friend, 

20 



one whose presence is better not seen, as it is in this case; 
and that one is the desert. The Colorado desert is contigu- 
ous to this part of the country, though it is not visible 
from this side of the mountains. 

In the beautiful romance of 'Ramona," now so familiar to 
all readers, there is mention of all the places in this vicinity ; 
of San Jacinto, of Saboba, and of the mountain trails, and, 
moreover, this very spot is the one to which Alessandro 
led poor Ramona when the white people had taken away 
their land, their home, and all their possessions. 

As you ride down the mountain and look far out over 
the valley, surrounded by rows of mountains, you notice 
large tracts of the country enclosed in fences, and wonder 
what their use could have been. The stage driver answers 
your query thus : 

"This was once the most famous place for raising race 
horses. The fine air gave them great lung capacity ; big 
lungs, like a pair of bellows, riiey could run. and run, and 
run, and there was no give up to them. 

Then you fall to thinking of the vast possibilities now 
opened up for the many people who are languishing in the 
midst of the race of life, and for the delicate children who 
have just entered upon it, and you feel a wave of longing 
sweep over you to gather all these suffering little ones into 
the bosom of the great San Jacinto, to call them here, 
and where they may learn to "run, and run, and run, and 
never give up." 

Strawberry Valley Lodge is a popular camp and sum- 
mer resort, one-half mile from the Idyllwild Sanatorium. 
It is under the same general management as the Sana- 
torium. 



Press of OUT WEST CO., uos Angeles 



21 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




016 086 809 




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